Electronic Mixer

An electronic mixer is a piece of equipment for mixing two or more electronic signals. There are two basic types of mixer Additive mixers add two signals collectively, and are used for such applications as audio mixing. Multiplying mixers increase the signals together, and produce an output containing both original signals, and new signals that have the sum and difference of the frequency of the original signals.

Additive mixers are generally resistor networks, surrounded by impedance matching and amplification stages.

Multiplying mixers have been completed in a wide variety of ways. The most popular are diode mixers, gilbert cell mixers, diode loop mixers and switching mixers.

Heat capacity and heat of vaporization

Water has the second highest specific heat capability of any known chemical compound, after ammonia, as well as a high heat of vaporization (40.65 kJ mol−1), both of which are a result of the extensive hydrogen bonding between its molecules. These two unusual properties permit water to moderate Earth's climate by buffering large fluctuations in temperature.

Ocean

Ocean (from Okeanos, a Greek god of sea and water; Greek ??ea???) covers almost three quarters (71%) of the surface of the Earth, and almost half of the world's marine waters are over 3000 m deep.

This global, interconnected body of salt water, called the World Ocean, is separated by the continents and archipelagos into the following four bodies, from the largest to the smallest: the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean, and, according to some authorities such as International Hydrographic Organization(IHO), a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean.

Sea water

Sea water is water commencing a sea or ocean. On usual, sea water in the world's oceans has a salinity of ~3.5%. This means that for each and every 1 liter (1000mL) of sea water there are 35 grams of salts (mostly, but not entirely, sodium chloride) dissolved in it. This can be articulated as 0.6M NaCl. Water with this level of osmolality is, of course, not potable.

Sea water is not homogeneously saline throughout the world. The planet's freshest sea water is in the Gulf of Finland, division of the Baltic Sea. The most saline open sea is the Red Sea, where high temperatures and confined movement result in high rates of surface evaporation and there is little fresh inflow from rivers. The salinity in isolated seas (for example, the Dead Sea) can be significantly greater.

Water

Water (from the Old English word wæter; c.f German "Wasser", Danish "Vand", Russian ???? [voda]) is a tasteless, neutral, and nearly colorless (it has a slight hint of blue) substance in its pure form that is essential to all known forms of life and is known also as the most universal solvent. Water is an plentiful substance on Earth. It exists in many places and forms: mostly in the oceans and glacial ice caps, but also as clouds, rain water, rivers, freshwater aquifers, and sea ice. On the planet, water is endlessly moving through the cycle involving evaporation, precipitation, and runoff to the sea.

Water that humans use is called potable water. This natural resource is becoming more limited in certain places as human population in those places increases, and its availability is a major social and economic concern.

Amozon River

The Amazon River (occasionally River Amazon; Spanish: Río Amazonas, Portuguese: Rio Amazonas) of South America is one of the two longest rivers on Earth, the additional being the Nile in Africa. The Amazon has by far the greatest entire flow of any river, carrying more than the Mississippi, Nile, and Yangtze rivers combined. Its drainage area, called the Amazon Basin, is the biggest of any river system. The Amazon could be well thought-out the "strongest" (largest volume of water per second).

The measure of fresh water released to the Atlantic Ocean is enormous: up to 300,000 m³ per second in the rainy season. Indeed, the Amazon is answerable for a fifth of the total volume of fresh water entering the oceans worldwide. It is said that offshore of the mouth of the Amazon filtered water can be drawn from the ocean while still out of sight of the coastline, and the salinity of the ocean is notably lower a hundred miles out to sea.

Water Injection

The Water Injection technique used in oil production is where water is injected back into the reservoir generally to increase pressure and thereby stimulate production. Water injection wells are naturally found offshore. This method is used to enlarge oil recovery from an existing reservoir- Water is injected to force unrecovered oil out of tank rock and into nearby oil wells. Usually only 30% of the oil in a reservoir can be extracted. With Water Injection that percentage will be higher and the production rate of a reservoir is secure over a long period of time.

Night vision of Infrared

Infrared is used in night vision equipment when there is unsatisfactory visible light to see. Night vision devices control through a process involving the conversion of ambient light photons into electrons which are then improved by a chemical and electrical process and then converted back into visible light.Infrared light sources can be used to augment the available ambient light for conversion by night vision devices, increasing in-the-dark visibility without actually using a visible light source.

The use of infrared light and night vision devices should not be confused with thermal imaging which creates images based on differences in plane temperature by detecting infrared radiation (heat) that emanates from objects and their surrounding environment.

Infrared Filters

Infrared (IR) filters are made of polysulphone artificial that blocks over 99% of the visible light spectrum from any “white” light source. Infrared filters allow a maximum of infrared output while maintaining tremendous covertness. At present in use around the world, infrared filters are used in Military, Law Enforcement, Industrial and Commercial applications. The exclusive makeup of the plastic allows for maximum durability and heat resistance. IR filters give a more cost effective and time efficient solution over the standard bulb replacement alternative. All generations of night vision devices are greatly improved with the use of IR filters.

Infrared Emissions

Heat is energy in transitory form that flows due to temperature difference. Unlike heat transmitted by thermal conveyance or thermal convection, radiation can propagate through a vacuum.

The concept of emissivity is imperative in understanding the infrared emissions of objects. This is a material goods of a surface which describes how its thermal emissions deviate from the ideal of a blackbody. To further explain, two objects at the same physical temperature will not 'appear' the same temperature in an infrared figure if they have differing emissivities.

Heat or Heat Radiation

Infrared radiation is generally known as "heat" or sometimes "heat radiation", since many people characteristic all radiant heating to infrared light and/or to all infrared radiation to being a result of heating. This is a extensive misconception, since light and electromagnetic waves of any frequency will heat surfaces that absorb them. Infrared light from the Sun only accounts for 49% of the heating of the Earth, the rest being caused by able to be seen light that is absorbed then re-radiated at longer wavelengths. Visible light or ultraviolet-emitting lasers can char paper and incandescently hot objects emit visible radiation. It is true that objects at room hotness will emit radiation mostly concentrated in the 8 to 12 micrometer band, but this is not different from the emission of visible light by incandescent objects and ultraviolet by even hotter objects (see black body and Wien's displacement law).

Infrared

Infrared (IR) release is electromagnetic emission of a wavelength longer than that of perceptible light, but shorter than that of radio waves. The name means "below red" (from the Latin infra, "below"), red being the color of measurable light of longest wavelength. Infrared radiation spans three instructions of magnitude and has wavelengths stuck between about 750 nm and 1 mm.

These divisions are appropriate by the dissimilar human response to this radiation: near infrared is the area closest in wavelength to the radiation measurable by the human eye, mid and far infrared are regularly further from the visible regime. Other definitions follow dissimilar physical mechanisms (emission peaks, vs. bands, water absorption) and the latest follow technical reasons (The common silicon detectors are sensitive to about 1,050 nm, while Inga As sensitivity starts around 950 nm and ends between 1,700 and 2,600 nm, depending on the specific configuration). Regrettably the international standards for these specifications are not currently obtainable.

The limit between visible and infrared light is not exactly defined. The human eye is clearly less responsive to light.

Krill fishery

Krill fishery is the profitable fishery of krill, small shrimp-like marine animals that live in the oceans world-wide. Estimates for how much krill there is vary wildly, depending on the methodology used. They range from 125–725 million tones of biomass globally. The total global harvest of krill from all fisheries amounts to 150 – 200,000 tones annually, mainly Antarctic krill (Euphausia superb) and North Pacific krill (E. Pacifica).

Krill are rich in protein (40% or more of dry weight) and lipids (about 20% in E. superb). Their exoskeleton amounts to some 2% of dry weight of chitin. They also contain traces of a wide array of hydrolytic enzymes such as proteases, carbohydrates, nucleases and phospholipids, which are intense in the digestive gland in the cephalothoraxes of the krill.

Pollination

Pollination is an important step in the reproduction of seed plants: the transfer of pollen grains (male gametes) to the plant carpel, the organization that contains the ovule (female gamete). The accessible part of the carpel is called a stigma in the flowers of angiosperms and a micro Pyle in gymnosperms. The study of pollination brings mutually many disciplines, such as botany, horticulture, entomology, and ecology. Pollination is significant in horticulture because most plant fruits will not develop if the ovules are not fertilized. The pollination process as communication between flower and vector was first addressed in the 18th century by Christian Konrad Sprengel.

Stratosphere

From the Latin word "stratus" meaning a scattering out. The stratosphere extends from the troposphere's 7 to 17 km (23,000 – 60,000 ft) range to about 50 km (160,000 ft). Temperature in crease through height. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, the division of the Earth's atmosphere which contains comparatively high concentrations of ozone. "Relatively high" means a few parts per million—much higher than the concentrations in the lower atmosphere but still small compare to the main components of the atmosphere. It is frequently located in the lower portion of the stratosphere from approximately 15 to 35 km (50,000 – 115,000 ft) above Earth's surface, although the thickness varies seasonally and geographically.

Spiral escalators

Spiral escalators acquire less horizontal space than straight escalators. However, in the early spiral designs were failures. For example, one spiral escalator constructed by Reno in combination with William Henry Aston and Scott Kietzman at London's Holloway Road Underground position in 1906 was dismantled almost right away and little of the mechanism survives. The Mitsubishi Electric Corporation has urbanized successful commercial designs and has contrived curved and spiral escalators since the 1980s.
Notable sets of spiral escalators are situated in the Westfield San Francisco Centre in San Francisco, California, and at Forum Shops at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, Nevada. The Times Square shopping mall in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, also features four curved escalators, as do Wheelock Place in Singapore.

Carriage

The standard definition of a carriage is a four-wheeled horse drawn personal passenger vehicle with leaf springs or leather robust for postponement, whether light, smart and fast or large and relaxed. Compare the public conveyance stagecoach, charabanc, and omnibus.
A medium that is not sprung is a wagon. An American buckboard or Conestoga wagon or "prairie schooner" was never taken for a carriage, but a waggonette was an enjoyment vehicle, with lengthways seats.
The word car meaning "wheeled vehicle", came from Norman French at the start of the 14th century; it was absolute to cover automobile in 1896.
In the British Isles and many Commonwealth countries, a railway carriage (also called a coach) is a railroad car planned and prepared for transporting passengers.
In the United States, a baby carriage is a wheeled transportation for recline infants (in English outside North America: perambulator or pram), often with a hood that can be adjusted to protect the baby from the sun.